一、Mechanism of scuffing——a dynamic system model（论文文献综述）
Kevin LONTIN,Muhammad KHAN[1]（2021）在《Interdependence of friction, wear, and noise:A review》文中研究表明Phenomena of friction, wear, and noise in mechanical contacts are particularly important in the field of tribomechanics but equally complex if one wants to represent their exact relationship with mathematical models. Efforts have been made to describe these phenomena with different approaches in past. These efforts have been compiled in different reviews but most of them treated friction, wear mechanics, and acoustic noise separately. However, an in-depth review that provides a critical analysis on their interdependencies is still missing. In this review paper, the interdependencies of friction, wear, and noise are analysed in the mechanical contacts at asperitical level. The origin of frictional noise, its dependencies on contact’s mechanical properties, and its performance under different wear conditions are critically reviewed. A discussion on the existing mathematical models of friction and wear is also provided in the last section that leads to uncover the gap in the existing literature. This review concludes that still a comprehensive analytical modelling approach is required to relate the interdependencies of friction, noise, and wear with mathematical expressions.
JTTE Editorial Office,Jiaqi Chen,Hancheng Dan,Yongjie Ding,Yangming Gao,Meng Guo,Shuaicheng Guo,Bingye Han,Bin Hong,Yue Hou,Chichun Hu,Jing Hu,Ju Huyan,Jiwang Jiang,Wei Jiang,Cheng Li,Pengfei Liu,Yu Liu,Zhuangzhuang Liu,Guoyang Lu,Jian Ouyang,Xin Qu,Dongya Ren,Chao Wang,Chaohui Wang,Dawei Wang,Di Wang,Hainian Wang,Haopeng Wang,Yue Xiao,Chao Xing,Huining Xu,Yu Yan,Xu Yang,Lingyun You,Zhanping You,Bin Yu,Huayang Yu,Huanan Yu,Henglong Zhang,Jizhe Zhang,Changhong Zhou,Changjun Zhou,Xingyi Zhu[2]（2021）在《New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021》文中提出Sustainable and resilient pavement infrastructure is critical for current economic and environmental challenges. In the past 10 years, the pavement infrastructure strongly supports the rapid development of the global social economy. New theories, new methods,new technologies and new materials related to pavement engineering are emerging.Deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem. Because of actual coupled behaviors of traffic and environmental conditions, predictions of pavement service life become more and more complicated and require a deep knowledge of pavement material analysis. In order to summarize the current and determine the future research of pavement engineering, Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering（English Edition） has launched a review paper on the topic of "New innovations in pavement materials and engineering: A review on pavement engineering research 2021". Based on the joint-effort of 43 scholars from 24 well-known universities in highway engineering, this review paper systematically analyzes the research status and future development direction of 5 major fields of pavement engineering in the world. The content includes asphalt binder performance and modeling, mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials,multi-scale mechanics, green and sustainable pavement, and intelligent pavement.Overall, this review paper is able to provide references and insights for researchers and engineers in the field of pavement engineering.
Dehui Tong,Ziyu Diao,Nannan Sun,Xiangning Du,Yanyan Zhang,Zhentao Liu[3]（2021）在《A Review of Dynamic-Tribological Simulation Methods for Sliding Bearings in Internal Combustion Engines》文中指出The problem of friction reduction and wear resistance of sliding bearings is one of the key factors in determining the overall performance of internal combustion engines.This paper investigated and summarized the theoretical and simulation models of multi-body dynamics of crankshaft system,tribology of sliding bearings,and the wear calculation methods of the shaft-bearing friction pairs.Existing studies show that the dynamics model,hybrid lubrication model,and the friction and wear models request to be upgraded by comprehensively considering the material,structure,manufacturing process,working conditions,and etc.Based on the research status and existing problems of the above analyses,this paper summarizes the simulation models applicable to the field of dynamics and tribology of sliding bearings and presents the prospects for optimization of wear calculation methods for sliding bearings.
Jun ZHAO,Yiyao HUANG,Yongyong HE,Yijun SHI[4]（2021）在《Nanolubricant additives: A review》文中进行了进一步梳理Using nanoadditives in lubricants is one of the most effective ways to control friction and wear, which is of great significance for energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection. With the scientific and technological development, great advances have been made in nanolubricant additives in the scientific research and industrial applications. This review summarizes the categories of nanolubricant additives and illustrates the tribological properties of these additives. Based on the component elements of nanomaterials, nanolubricant additives can be divided into three types: nanometal-based, nanocarbonbased, and nanocomposite-based additives. The dispersion stabilities of additives in lubricants are also discussed in the review systematically. Various affecting factors and effective dispersion methods have been investigated in detail. Moreover, the review summarizes the lubrication mechanisms of nanolubricant additives including tribofilm formation, micro-bearing effect, self-repair performance, and synergistic effect. In addition, the challenges and prospects of nanolubricant additives are proposed, which guides the design and synthesis of novel additives with significant lubrication and antiwear properties in the future.
Kexin Bi,Shuyuan Zhang,Chen Zhang,Haoran Li,Xinye Huang,Haoyu Liu,Tong Qiu[5]（2021）在《Knowledge expression, numerical modeling and optimization application of ethylene thermal cracking: From the perspective of intelligent manufacturing》文中认为Applications of process systems engineering（PSE） in plants and enterprises are boosting industrial reform from automation to digitization and intelligence. For ethylene thermal cracking, knowledge expression, numerical modeling and intelligent optimization are key steps for intelligent manufacturing.This paper provides an overview of progress and contributions to the PSE-aided production of thermal cracking; introduces the frameworks, methods and algorithms that have been proposed over the past10 years and discusses the advantages, limitations and applications in industrial practice. An entire set of molecular-level modeling approaches from feedstocks to products, including feedstock molecular reconstruction, reaction-network auto-generation and cracking unit simulation are described. Multilevel control and optimization methods are exhibited, including at the operational, cycle, plant and enterprise level. Relevant software packages are introduced. Finally, an outlook in terms of future directions is presented.
Haris Muda Pratama[6]（2021）在《轴承润滑脂的摩擦学性能研究及轴承热应力仿真计算》文中指出电动汽车（EV）中运行所需的最常见摩擦学组件与ICEV尽可能类似根据提高电动汽车效率的工作和发展。滚子轴承是供应电动汽车电机的重要部件,对电机的正常运行起着至关重要的作用,虽然许多因素都会导致滚子失效,但润滑脂失效可能是导致失效的主要原因,失效的润滑脂通常受到物理、轴承运行过程中的化学和热降解,降解导致润滑能力、容量的损失,尤其是在高温和高速条件下。离子液体通常具有热稳定性好、压力较低、电化学窗口较宽、较好的减摩抗磨性能和导电性等优点,而且阴阳离子的种类和组合是可调的。本研究的润滑脂复合制剂为锂基润滑脂,添加不同的离子液体作为添加剂。其中[C5mim][NTf2]、[C5mim][PF6]、[C8mim][NTf2]、[C8mim][PF6]、[C12mim][NTf2]和[C12mim][PF6]作为添加剂,含量为0.5%、1%和2%,载荷分别为50 N和100 N。结果表明,离子液体作为润滑脂添加剂具有优异的减摩抗磨性能。石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在一些自润滑复合材料中发挥着重要作用。作为某些液体润滑剂中的添加剂,以提高抗摩擦和抗磨性能。本文考察了少层石墨烯（FLG）添加剂对锂基润滑脂润滑效率的影响。FLG能有效提高锂基润滑脂的减摩抗磨性能。含0.10 wt%FLG的润滑脂样品在降低摩擦系数和WSD方面在大负载和低转速下表现最佳。高速动车组（Electric Multiple Unit）牵引电机的运行状态是焦虑问题。在高负荷和剧烈摩擦下轴承内部产生热量。研究高速动车组牵引电机滚珠轴承的热性能和温度分布是十分必要的。本文扩展了相关数学模型的应用,研究了脂润滑轴承在不同工况下的热性能和温度分布。轴承在边界和混合润滑条件下运行。对于薄厚度（λ≤ 3）,通常会观察到边界润滑状态,这会导致磨损并且磨损的颗粒会污染润滑剂。本文通过各种实验和数值分析讨论了滚动轴承的润滑剂污染效应。两个Si3N4滚珠去除了轨道表面人工凹坑的突出部分,从而提高了轴承寿命。
ERRAITEB MERYEM[7]（2021）在《摩洛哥货币政策实现通货膨胀应对的有效性研究》文中指出本文评价了摩洛哥在经济上采取的应对通货膨胀的货币政策,这是一个评估制度、技术和经济先决条件以及货币政策传导机制有效性的问题。文章梳理了摩洛哥的经济金融发展及其货币政策的演变,分析了通胀目标制货币政策在摩洛哥的适用性。为了解决这个问题,我们做出了一个基本假设,即摩洛哥不准备在短期内采取这种有效的战略。开展的研究包括首先评估此类货币政策所需的制度、经济和技术框架,然后再研究货币政策的传导机制。最后一点取决于VAR（矢量自回归）模型,以测试货币政策冲击后可能的反应。因此,我们的目标是验证在摩洛哥成功采用此类战略的必要条件是否确实得到满足。我们为这项研究设定了以下四个目标:一是将通胀目标制的框架理念定位为货币政策的创新实践。其次重点分析摩洛哥货币政策实践的演变。第三,我们总结了在摩洛哥实施通胀目标制战略的所有先决条件。第四,我们的目标是评估摩洛哥货币政策传导渠道的有效性。经济文献普遍认为,货币政策对价格具有短期影响和长期影响。这些影响是通过传导机制发挥的,传导机制可以定义为货币决策传递到收入和通货膨胀的过程。了解这些机制对于有效实施货币政策至关重要。实证文献中经常研究的因素,即利率、银行信贷、消费者价格和汇率。鉴于它们对经济和金融结构的密切依赖,这些渠道因国家而异。与发达国家不同,发展中国家和新兴国家受制于世界主要中央银行的货币政策,特别是欧洲中央银行和美国联邦储备银行的货币政策。这些国家的货币政策模型应该与发达国家有所不同。因此,忽视这样的特征可能会使估计结果产生偏差并引起经验悖论。货币政策的实施受到私营部门信贷水平和各国利率的制约。在这项工作结束时获得的结果使我们能够注意到中央银行在法律和实际方面的独立性方面的改进。在摩洛哥货币当局的信息和技术系统方面,我们取得了显着进步,从而为经济主体提供了有关货币政策领域决策的充分数据。然而,在宏观经济层面,结果显示出一些局限性。这些是摩洛哥金融体系深度的弱点,包括银行和金融两个组成部分,以及阻碍向灵活汇率制度过渡的不足之处。除上述之外,对货币政策传导机制的实证评估凸显了货币政策冲击后所采用的不同变量之间动态相互作用关系的局限性。摩洛哥经济及其金融体系的持续现代化、该国对外开放的方向以及其中央银行（马格里布银行,BAM）做法的演变证明了深化对货币政策传导。这些调查探索了将货币政策传播到摩洛哥经济的货币、金融和实体部门的渠道。正是在这个框架内,本论文采用了实证方法,涵盖了从1990年到2013年的重大结构性经济改革时期。因此,应用计量经济学方法“VAR”来研究经济反应的变化对经济变量的不同冲击。为了实现这项工作的目标,我们通过不同的实证步骤,旨在探索货币政策行动到其目标变量的路径,研究传导渠道的结构,以及评估央行无法控制的因素的影响。关于货币政策的传导。我们的估计表明,货币政策从BAM到摩洛哥经济的传导是不完整的,即使它发生在合理的时间范围内。此外,传输通道的不稳定结构部分解释了该过程中涉及的变量的态度。我们的结果还表明,财政和外部因素通过其目标变量行为的影响,明显扰乱了货币政策行动的传播阶段。简而言之,本文的主要贡献在于表明通货膨胀目标是摩洛哥货币当局抓住的机会,但在巩固收益的同时必须事先纠正这项工作中指出的不完善之处。
苏琪[8]（2021）在《地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的动态特征研究》文中提出二语动机自我系统理论为研究二语动机的动态变化打开了一扇窗户。研究者可以从二语学习者二语现实自我和可能自我的差距中探寻二语动机如何启动和动态变化。二语动机自我系统理论也有不足之处。不足之一就是二语学习体验的定义太过笼统。另一个不足之处是二语动机自我系统的行为体现,动机行为的概念太过笼统,缺乏明晰的组成成分。此外,有关二语动机自我导向、二语学习体验与行为体现各维度关系的动态研究还很少。Larsen-Freeman1997年开始用动态系统理论研究二语学习的复杂性、动态性和非线性。动态系统理论在二语习得研究领域引发了“动态转向”,并且在过去几年引起了二语动机研究方法的变化。为了提高动态系统理论的研究意义,Dornyei在2014年建议二语动机研究者将研究重点放在二语动机的吸态和典型性动态变化上。Dornyei建议二语动机研究者使用质性回溯建模法探究二语学习者的从初始状态到结果状态的动机变化轨迹,以此抽取出典型的二语学习者动机变化特征。尽管Dornyei的二语动机自我系统研究框架试图探寻二语动机的动态变化,但是该框架只是从横截面视角展示了动机自我系统不同变量的关系,所以该研究框架本质上是静态的。动态系统理论呼唤一个动态的二语动机自我系统模型来揭示二语动机自我系统在时间上的变异性和动态性。这种时间上的变异性和动态性可以用来解释系统的结果状态。二语动机自我系统动态模型将是对二语动机自我系统研究框架的重要补充。地方高校是能够提供学位课程的大学中数量最多的一类,但目前很少有针对地方高校大学生的二语学习动机研究。本研究探究地方高校大学生的二语动机自我系统。为了克服二语动机自我系统的不足之处,本研究将自我调节学习引入到二语自我系统框架中。自我调节学习被操作化为体现过程的自我调节能力。同时,二语动机自我系统的行为体现被行为投入所反映。行为投入不仅反映学生的独立学习也体现学生的社交性学习。本研究采用混合法来研究地方高校大学生的二语动机自我系统。定量研究探究地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的结果状态,即回溯研究的终点。质性回溯建模研究揭示地方高校大学生的二语动机自我系统如何发展演化为结果状态,可用来解释结果状态。四个研究问题的前两个是关于地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的结果状态,采用的研究方法是定量研究。后两个研究问题是地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统在时间上的动态变化,这种动态变化导致了结果状态的产生。后两个研究问题采用的是质性回溯建模法。定量研究参加者是山东省三所地方高校二年级学生1020名学生。研究工具包括二语自我导向问卷,自我调节能力问卷和行为投入问卷。第一个研究问题是关于地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的整体模式。因子分析显示地方高校大学生有三个二语动机自我导向:理想二语自我、应该二语自我和恐惧二语自我。描述性分析显示所有变量中恐惧自我得分最高,师生互动得分最低。第二个研究问题是关于大学生二语动机自我系统变量的影响关系。多元回归分析显示二语自我导向三个维度中,理想二语自我对自我调节能力和行为投入各维度预测能力最强。自我调节能力各变量对行为投入各维度的影响关系较为复杂。具体说,目标设定对独立学习最有预测力;自我评估对合作学习、师生互动和参加与学术有关活动的预测力最强。第三个研究问题是关于地方高校大学生显着的二语动机自我系统成分。二语动机自我系统变化轨迹图和叙事访谈用来探究地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的演变轨迹。通过解释现象学分析,从大学生二语动机演变轨迹中抽取出二语动机自我系统的初始状态、吸态和影响因素。第四个研究问题是关于地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的动态特征。从二语动机自我系统的系统成分:初始状态、吸态和各种影响因素中抽取出地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的动态模型。二语动机自我系统的动态模型是对二语动机自我系统理论的丰富和发展,体现了二语动机自我系统时间的变异性和过程的动态性。根据模型探究五种不同类别地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的动态变化特征,最终抽取出三种典型性二语动机自我系统动态变化,分别是循环性动态变化,周期性动态变化和线性定向流。由地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统动态模型产生的大学生二语动机自我系统的动态变化特征和原因分析能够解释大学生二语动机自我系统的结果状态,同时为解决大学生动机自我系统结果状态和发展过程中出现的问题提供了教学启示。最后,研究提出了教学启示,包括为无动机学生尽早建立积极的初始状态;重新点燃学生处于休眠期的初始状态;通过加强学生的理想自我形象来维持积极的吸态;使学生感觉到自己是班级的一份子以及对学生的能力信任可以加固积极的吸态;帮助学生设定子目标和自我评估使他们二语学习动机变成定向动机流;帮助学生社交来避免消极循环或周期性的二语动机自我系统变化。
王凤飞[9]（2021）在《中国理工科博士生英语学习动机中的吸引子状态研究》文中研究指明动机作为情感因素中对于个体影响程度最大的变量,一直是二语习得领域研究的重点。关于二语学习动机的研究早在20世纪50年代末就已展开,Robert Gardner与Wallace Lambert首次将社会心理学引入到二语学习动机的研究领域。学界对于二语学习动机的定义由开始阶段的静态不断向动态转变,同时研究的焦点也逐步放到二语学习动机自身的动态变化过程上。动态系统理论作为一种新的研究范式,主张用动态性、复杂性、非线性的思维展开研究,关注语言随时间所经历的动态发展路径,这为接下来二语学习动机的研究开辟了新视角。吸引子作为动态系统理论的重要概念之一,近些年为研究者所关注。马斯洛的需求层次理论认为需求产生动机。在国际期刊发表英文论文、参加国际会议等已成为理工科博士生毕业的硬性要求,该群体对于英语这门语言有较大的需求,进而促使英语学习动机的形成。现有的针对动机发展过程中吸引子状态的研究多是以大学生作为研究对象的量化研究,针对博士生的研究并未涉及。基于此,本研究采取质性研究方法选取4名理工科博士生作为研究对象进行为期8个月的历时个案跟踪研究,以动机发展轨迹图、访谈、反思性日志等作为原始数据,并通过质性分析软件Nvivo12就文本材料进行编码处理,在此基础上从微观层面对于理工科博士生英语学习动机中的吸引子状态进行描述与分析,从而为提高理工科博士生英语学习的积极性与效率提供方法与建议。本研究主要针对动机发展轨迹的总体趋势及个体间动机发展轨迹的差异性、动机发展过程中的主要吸引子、吸引子盆的成因及环境因素的作用、吸引子状态运行轨迹的发展态势4个问题展开探究。通过对实验数据的分析可得:总体及个体的动机发展过程是动态的,且中间涌现出了暂时性的稳性状态;4名研究对象的动机发展轨迹各具特点,具有差异性,但在环境因素的作用下也会出现走势吻合的情况;通过对收集上来的文本材料进行编码,得出学习情境、交流媒介与外部要求作为英语学习动机发展过程中的主要吸引子;在4名受试的动机发展过程中,吸引子盆均有出现,且很大程度受到环境因素的影响;整体与个体吸引子状态的运行轨迹均兼具动态性、稳定性、情境性,整个发展过程充满了变异性与不可预测性,与动态系统理论的核心观点相吻合。相较国内以往研究,本研究有以下三点创新之处:第一,选取理工科博士生作为研究对象,填补了国内关于博士生英语学习动机中吸引子状态研究的空白;第二,考虑到理论对于实践操作指导的可行性,因此选取李淑静、高一虹等（2003）关于我国研究生群体二语学习动机的分类标准展开后续研究,实验结果分析与讨论均是以此分类为理论框架进行的;第三,基于动态系统理论的三大核心特征:动态性、稳定性与情境性,结合情境因素对动机系统发展过程中的动态性、稳定性（吸引子状态）进行解释说明。本研究虽取得了一定成果,但仍有许多不足之处亟待完善:一、研究对象的数量较少,层次覆盖多样性不足,地域范围跨度较小;二、研究开展的时间较短;三、研究方法单一,在一定程度上会影响实验结果的客观性与全面性;四、本研究缺少针对课堂环境和单一英语环境的观察探究,涉及到的情境类型有待于进一步丰富。未来研究应适当增加受试的数量,延长实验观察的时间,综合运用多种研究方法,囊括多种英语学习的环境模式,注重增强研究者自身的专业性,进而提升实验观察的效果,使得出的结论更具说服力。本研究仅为领域内的一项初步探索,以动态系统理论为依据,探究理工科博士生英语学习动机中的吸引子状态,旨在对于理工科博士生英语学习动机的激发、高强度动机的维持等提供针对性的建议,同时也间接性的对于博士生英语教学改革提供一定的参考。
许诚光（Khov Sengkong）[10]（2021）在《水力发电系统多尺度快慢动力学与稳定性分析》文中研究说明安全、高效、稳定运行是水电工业建设和维护的必要条件。水力发电系统是保证水电站发电、输电、调度的重要组成部分。特性稳定性研究是保证机组稳定运行的关键。快慢簇发振动是影响水力发电系统安全稳定运行的可怕现象。可怕的簇发行为可能对机电系统造成严重影响。由于严重的故障或簇发行为导致的机电系统不稳定,可导致水电站整个电力系统的破坏。第二章研究了水力发电系统在周期激励下存在的快慢簇发振动的动力学特性。将水轮机的非弹性水柱模型与三阶非线性发电机模型相结合。这边引入了水力导数系数和电场电压的周期函数。基于新型的水力发电系统集成非线性数学模型,利用快慢分析方法提出的双周期激励,得到了水力发电系统的快慢动力学行为。利用分岔图、时间波形图、相位轨迹图和功率谱图说明了系统的微分增益、激励频率和激励幅值的非线性动态特性。结果表明,水力发电系统在不同的敏感参数值下具有不同的非线性动态特性。当微分增益kd变大时,系统可以摆脱快-慢爆发现象。激励频率Ω的增大使系统达到稳定状态。而激发幅度B的增大导致系统进入了稳健的快慢爆破状态。最后,本文的分析方法和结果为保护水力发电系统不受双周期激振引起的快慢簇发振荡行为,保证水电站安全稳定运行的敏感参数设置提供了主要参考。第三章研究了多尺度水力发电系统中存在的快慢簇发振动的动力学特性。我们将水轮机弹性水锤模型与三阶非线性发电机模型相结合。这边引入了多时间尺度动力学和励磁电压的周期性激励,建立了多尺度水电调速系统的数学模型。基于快慢分析方法,分析了不同尺度参数下簇发振动的非线性特性。利用分岔图、时间波形图、相位轨迹图和功率谱图,讨论了敏感参数（比如调速器的导数增益和激励幅度）对水力发电系统安全运行的影响。结果表明,多尺度系统根据尺度参数的取值包含绝对快慢簇发动力学或周期性快慢簇发动力学。在存在快慢簇发振荡时,导数增益kd值过高会对水电站的运行造成危害。同时,较低的激励幅值B对水电站的运行是安全的。研究结果为理解和进一步研究多尺度水电调控系统中存在的快慢簇发行为的影响提供了主要理论依据。由于电站的大量建设,电力系统的稳定和控制已成为一个敏感的问题。同步机发生不稳定和振荡是有害的扰动,可导致系统断电不安全。在第四章,电力系统稳定性研究是通过励磁控制和电力系统稳定器（PSS）来识别电力系统行为并提高同步机的稳定性。通过单机无限母线系统模型,建立了电力系统的七阶数学模型。分析了阻抗对电力系统振动特性的影响。同时,详细讨论了电力系统稳定器主动和不主动励磁控制系统对系统稳定性的影响。单励磁控制抑制系统振荡的能力有限,特别是当阻抗增加时。而电力系统稳定器主动励磁控制系统有很强的能力使系统从受干扰状态恢复到稳定状态。PSS增益15pu是激活电力系统稳定器的最佳值。本研究为研究工程师进行电力系统稳定性研究提供了基本概念,以确保电力系统的可靠和高效运行。
二、Mechanism of scuffing——a dynamic system model（论文开题报告）
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三、Mechanism of scuffing——a dynamic system model（论文提纲范文）
（1）Interdependence of friction, wear, and noise:A review（论文提纲范文）
| 1 Introduction |
| 2 Concept of asperities and area of physical contact |
| 3 Relationship between friction and wear at the microscopic level |
| 4 Origin of friction noise and its depen-dencies on contact mechanical propertiesand geometries |
| 5 Acoustic performance and noise due to wear |
| 6 Modelling friction and wear |
| 7 Concluding remarks |
（2）New innovations in pavement materials and engineering:A review on pavement engineering research 2021（论文提纲范文）
| 1. Introduction |
| (1) With the society development pavement engineering facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges |
| (2) With the modern education development pavement engineering facing unprecedented accumulation of scientific manpower and literature |
| 2. Asphalt binder performance and modeling |
| 2.1. Binder damage,healing and aging behaviors |
| 2.1.1. Binder healing characterization and performance |
| 2.1.1. 1. Characterizing approaches for binder healing behavior. |
| 2.1.1. 2. Various factors influencing binder healing performance. |
| 2.1.2. Asphalt aging:mechanism,evaluation and control strategy |
| 2.1.2. 1. Phenomena and mechanisms of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 2. Simulation methods of asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.2. 3. Characterizing approaches for asphalt aging behavior. |
| 2.1.2. 4. Anti-aging additives used for controlling asphalt aging. |
| 2.1.3. Damage in the characterization of binder cracking performance |
| 2.1.3. 1. Damage characterization based on rheological properties. |
| 2.1.3. 2. Damage characterization based on fracture properties. |
| 2.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 2.2. Mechanism of asphalt modification |
| 2.2.1. Development of polymer modified asphalt |
| 2.2.1. 1. Strength formation of modified asphalt. |
| 2.2.1. 2. Modification mechanism by molecular dynamics simulation. |
| 2.2.1. 3. The relationship between microstructure and properties of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. Application of the MD simulation |
| 2.2.2. 1. Molecular model of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 2. Molecular configuration of asphalt. |
| 2.2.2. 3. Self-healing behaviour. |
| 2.2.2. 4. Aging mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 5. Adhesion mechanism. |
| 2.2.2. 6. Diffusion behaviour. |
| 2.2.3. Summary and outlook |
| 2.3. Modeling and application of crumb rubber modified asphalt |
| 2.3.1. Modeling and mechanism of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.1. 1. Rheology of bituminous binders. |
| 2.3.1. 2. Rheological property prediction of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. Micromechanics-based modeling of rheological properties of CRMA |
| 2.3.2. 1. Composite system of CRMA based on homogenization theory. |
| 2.3.2. 2. Input parameters for micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 3. Analytical form of micromechanical models of CRMA. |
| 2.3.2. 4. Future recommendations for improving micro-mechanical prediction performance. |
| 2.3.3. Design and performance of rubberized asphalt |
| 2.3.3. 1. The interaction between rubber and asphalt fractions. |
| 2.3.3. 2. Engineering performance of rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 3. Mixture design. |
| 2.3.3. 4. Warm mix rubberized asphalt. |
| 2.3.3. 5. Reclaiming potential of rubberized asphalt pavement. |
| 2.3.4. Economic and Environmental Effects |
| 2.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3. Mixture performance and modeling of pavement materials |
| 3.1. The low temperature performance and freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. Low temperature performance of asphalt mixture |
| 3.1.1. 1. Low temperature cracking mechanisms. |
| 3.1.1. 2. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt binders. |
| 3.1.1. 3. Experimental methods to evaluate the low temperature performance of asphalt mixtures. |
| 3.1.1. 4. Low temperature behavior of asphalt materials. |
| 3.1.1.5.Effect factors of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.1. 6. Improvement of low temperature performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. Freeze-thaw damage of asphalt mixtures |
| 3.1.2. 1. F-T damage mechanisms. |
| 3.1.2. 2. Evaluation method of F-T damage. |
| 3.1.2. 3. F-T damage behavior of asphalt mixture. |
| (1) Evolution of F-T damage of asphalt mixture |
| (2) F-T damage evolution model of asphalt mixture |
| (3) Distribution and development of asphalt mixture F-T damage |
| 3.1.2. 4. Effect factors of freeze thaw performance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.2. 5. Improvement of freeze thaw resistance of asphalt mixture. |
| 3.1.3. Summary and outlook |
| 3.2. Long-life rigid pavement and concrete durability |
| 3.2.1. Long-life cement concrete pavement |
| 3.2.1. 1. Continuous reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 2. Fiber reinforced concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.1. 3. Two-lift concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.2. Design,construction and performance of CRCP |
| 3.2.2. 1. CRCP distress and its mechanism. |
| 3.2.2. 2. The importance of crack pattern on CRCP performance. |
| 3.2.2. 3. Corrosion of longitudinal steel. |
| 3.2.2. 4. AC+CRCP composite pavement. |
| 3.2.2. 5. CRCP maintenance and rehabilitation. |
| 3.2.3. Durability of the cementitious materials in concrete pavement |
| 3.2.3. 1. Deterioration mechanism of sulfate attack and its in-fluence on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 2. Development of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.3. 3. Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on concrete pavement. |
| 3.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 3.3. Novel polymer pavement materials |
| 3.3.1. Designable PU material |
| 3.3.1. 1. PU binder. |
| 3.3.1.2.PU mixture. |
| 3.3.1. 3. Material genome design. |
| 3.3.2. Novel polymer bridge deck pavement material |
| 3.3.2. 1. Requirements for the bridge deck pavement material. |
| 3.3.2.2.Polyurethane bridge deck pavement material(PUBDPM). |
| 3.3.3. PU permeable pavement |
| 3.3.3. 1. Permeable pavement. |
| 3.3.3. 2. PU porous pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 3. Hydraulic properties of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.3. 4. Mechanical properties of PU permeable pavement ma-terials. |
| 3.3.3. 5. Environmental advantages of PU permeable pavement materials. |
| 3.3.4. Polyurethane-based asphalt modifier |
| 3.3.4. 1. Chemical and genetic characteristics of bitumen and polyurethane-based modifier. |
| 3.3.4. 2. The performance and modification mechanism of polyurethane modified bitumen. |
| 3.3.4. 3. The performance of polyurethane modified asphalt mixture. |
| 3.3.4. 4. Environmental and economic assessment of poly-urethane modified asphalt. |
| 3.3.5. Summary and outlook |
| 3.4. Reinforcement materials for road base/subrgrade |
| 3.4.1. Flowable solidified fill |
| 3.4.1. 1. Material composition design. |
| 3.4.1. 2. Performance control. |
| 3.4.1. 3. Curing mechanism. |
| 3.4.1. 4. Construction applications. |
| 3.4.1.5.Environmental impact assessment. |
| 3.4.1. 6. Development prospects and challenges. |
| 3.4.2. Stabilization materials for problematic soil subgrades |
| 3.4.2.1.Stabilization materials for loess. |
| 3.4.2. 2. Stabilization materials for expansive soil. |
| 3.4.2. 3. Stabilization materials for saline soils. |
| 3.4.2. 4. Stabilization materials for soft soils. |
| 3.4.3. Geogrids in base course reinforcement |
| 3.4.3. 1. Assessment methods for evaluating geogrid reinforce-ment in flexible pavements. |
| (1) Reinforced granular material |
| (2) Reinforced granular base course |
| 3.4.3. 2. Summary. |
| 3.4.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4. Multi-scale mechanics |
| 4.1. Interface |
| 4.1.1. Multi-scale evaluation method of interfacial interaction between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate |
| 4.1.1. 1. Molecular dynamics simulation of asphalt adsorption behavior on mineral aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 2. Experimental study on absorption behavior of asphalt on aggregate surface. |
| 4.1.1. 3. Research on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and mineral powder. |
| (1) Rheological mechanical method |
| (2) Microscopic test |
| 4.1.1. 4. Study on evaluation method of interaction between asphalt and aggregate. |
| 4.1.2. Multi-scale numerical simulation method considering interface effect |
| 4.1.2. 1. Multi-scale effect of interface. |
| 4.1.2. 2. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on micro nano scale testing technology. |
| 4.1.2. 3. Study on the interface between asphalt and aggregate based on molecular dynamics. |
| 4.1.2. 4. Study on performance of asphalt mixture based on meso-mechanics. |
| 4.1.2. 5. Mesoscopic numerical simulation test of asphalt mixture. |
| 4.1.3. Multi-scale investigation on interface deterioration |
| 4.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.2. Multi-scales and numerical methods in pavement engineering |
| 4.2.1. Asphalt pavement multi-scale system |
| 4.2.1. 1. Multi-scale definitions from literatures. |
| 4.2.1. 2. A newly-proposed Asphalt Pavement Multi-scale System. |
| (1) Structure-scale |
| (2) Mixture-scale |
| (3) Material-scale |
| 4.2.1. 3. Research Ideas in the newly-proposed multi-scale sys- |
| 4.2.2. Multi-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.2. 1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations. |
| 4.2.2. 2. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 3. Composite micromechanics methods. |
| 4.2.2. 4. Finite element method (FEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.2. 5. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations. |
| 4.2.3. Cross-scale modeling methods |
| 4.2.3. 1. Mechanism of cross-scale calculation. |
| 4.2.3. 2. Multi-scale FEM method. |
| 4.2.3. 3. FEM-DEM coupling method. |
| 4.2.3. 4. NMM family methods. |
| 4.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 4.3. Pavement mechanics and analysis |
| 4.3.1. Constructive methods to pavement response analysis |
| 4.3.1. 1. Viscoelastic constructive models. |
| 4.3.1. 2. Anisotropy and its characterization. |
| 4.3.1. 3. Mathematical methods to asphalt pavement response. |
| 4.3.2. Finite element modeling for analyses of pavement mechanics |
| 4.3.2. 1. Geometrical dimension of the FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 2. Constitutive models of pavement materials. |
| 4.3.2. 3. Variability of material property along with different directions. |
| 4.3.2. 4. Loading patterns of FE models. |
| 4.3.2. 5. Interaction between adjacent pavement layers. |
| 4.3.3. Pavement mechanics test and parameter inversion |
| 4.3.3. 1. Nondestructive pavement modulus test. |
| 4.3.3. 2. Pavement structural parameters inversion method. |
| 4.3.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5. Green and sustainable pavement |
| 5.1. Functional pavement |
| 5.1.1. Energy harvesting function |
| 5.1.1. 1. Piezoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 2. Thermoelectric pavement. |
| 5.1.1. 3. Solar pavement. |
| 5.1.2. Pavement sensing function |
| 5.1.2. 1. Contact sensing device. |
| 5.1.2.2.Lidar based sensing technology. |
| 5.1.2. 3. Perception technology based on image/video stream. |
| 5.1.2. 4. Temperature sensing. |
| 5.1.2. 5. Traffic detection based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.2. 6. Structural health monitoring based on ontology perception. |
| 5.1.3. Road adaptation and adjustment function |
| 5.1.3. 1. Radiation reflective pavement.Urban heat island effect refers to an increased temperature in urban areas compared to its surrounding rural areas (Fig.68). |
| 5.1.3. 2. Catalytical degradation of vehicle exhaust gases on pavement surface. |
| 5.1.3. 3. Self-healing pavement. |
| 5.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 5.2. Renewable and sustainable pavement materials |
| 5.2.1. Reclaimed asphalt pavement |
| 5.2.1. 1. Hot recycled mixture technology. |
| 5.2.1. 2. Warm recycled mix asphalt technology. |
| 5.2.1. 3. Cold recycled mixture technology. |
| (1) Strength and performance of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| (2) Variability analysis of asphalt emulsion |
| (3) Future prospect of cold recycled mixture with asphalt emulsion |
| 5.2.2. Solid waste recycling in pavement |
| 5.2.2. 1. Construction and demolition waste. |
| (1) Recycled concrete aggregate |
| (2) Recycled mineral filler |
| 5.2.2. 2. Steel slag. |
| 5.2.2. 3. Waste tire rubber. |
| 5.2.3. Environment impact of pavement material |
| 5.2.3. 1. GHG emission and energy consumption of pavement material. |
| (1) Estimation of GHG emission and energy consumption |
| (2) Challenge and prospect of environment burden estimation |
| 5.2.3. 2. VOC emission of pavement material. |
| (1) Characterization and sources of VOC emission |
| (2) Health injury of VOC emission |
| (3) Inhibition of VOC emission |
| (4) Prospect of VOC emission study |
| 5.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6. Intelligent pavement |
| 6.1. Automated pavement defect detection using deep learning |
| 6.1.1. Automated data collection method |
| 6.1.1. 1. Digital camera. |
| 6.1.1.2.3D laser camera. |
| 6.1.1. 3. Structure from motion. |
| 6.1.2. Automated road surface distress detection |
| 6.1.2. 1. Image processing-based method. |
| 6.1.2. 2. Machine learning and deep learning-based methods. |
| 6.1.3. Pavement internal defect detection |
| 6.1.4. Summary and outlook |
| 6.2. Intelligent pavement construction and maintenance |
| 6.2.1. Intelligent pavement construction management |
| 6.2.1. 1. Standardized integration of BIM information resources. |
| 6.2.1. 2. Construction field capturing technologies. |
| 6.2.1. 3. Multi-source spatial data fusion. |
| 6.2.1. 4. Research on schedule management based on BIM. |
| 6.2.1. 5. Application of BIM information management system. |
| 6.2.2. Intelligent compaction technology for asphalt pavement |
| 6.2.2. 1. Weakened IntelliSense of ICT. |
| 6.2.2. 2. Poor adaptability of asphalt pavement compaction index. |
| (1) The construction process of asphalt pavement is affected by many complex factors |
| (2) Difficulty in model calculation caused by jumping vibration of vibrating drum |
| (3) There are challenges to the numerical stability and computational efficiency of the theoretical model |
| 6.2.2. 3. Insufficient research on asphalt mixture in vibratory rolling. |
| 6.2.3. Intelligent pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 6.2.3. 1. Basic functional framework. |
| 6.2.3. 2. Expert experience-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 3. Priority-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 4. Mathematical programming-based methods. |
| 6.2.3. 5. New-gen machine learning-based methods. |
| 6.2.4. Summary and outlook |
| (1) Pavement construction management |
| (2) Pavement compaction technology |
| (3) Pavement maintenance decision-making |
| 7. Conclusions |
| Conflict of interest |
（4）Nanolubricant additives: A review（论文提纲范文）
| 1 Introduction |
| 2 Nanolubricant additives |
| 2.1 Nanometal-based lubricant additives |
| 2.2 Nanocarbon-based lubricant additives |
| 2.3 Nanocomposite-based lubricant additives |
| 3 Dispersion stability of nanolubricant additives |
| 3.1 Affecting factors |
| 3.2 Methods to improve dispersion stability |
| 3.2.1 Physical methods |
| 3.2.2 Chemical methods |
| 3.2.3 Self-dispersed methods |
| 4 Lubrication mechanisms of nanolubricant additives |
| 4.1 Formation of tribofilm |
| 4.2 Rolling bearing effect |
| 4.3 Transformation of microstructure |
| 4.4 Synergistic effect |
| 4.5 Surface repairing effect |
| 5 Conclusions and outlook |
| Acknowledgments |
（6）轴承润滑脂的摩擦学性能研究及轴承热应力仿真计算（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION |
| 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND |
| 1.2 STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION AND FAILURE MODES OF MOTORBEARINGS |
| 1.3 ROLLING BEARING TRIBOLOGICAL FAILURE |
| 1.4 APPEARANCES AND MANIFESTATION OF THE DIFFERENT WEARTYPES |
| 1.4.1. ABRASIVE WEAR |
| 1.4.2. ADHESIVE WEAR |
| 1.4.3. SURFACE FATIGUE WEAR |
| 1.4.4. EROSIVE WEAR |
| 1.4.5. FRETTING WEAR |
| 1.4.6. CORROSIVE WEAR |
| 1.4.7. THE ELECTRIC SOURCE-SHAFT VOLTAGE |
| 1.4.8. MAGNETIC FLUX ASYMMETRY |
| 1.4.9. ELECTROSTATIC EFFECT |
| 1.4.10. NON-CIRCULATING CURRENT |
| 1.5 FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (FTA) |
| 1.6 LUBRICATION OF ELECTRICAL |
| 1.6.1 CONDUCTIVE LUBRICANT |
| 1.7 MAIN RESEARCH CONTENT |
| CHAPTER 2 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS |
| 2.1. PREPARATION OF LUBRICATION (FILM) |
| 2.2. CHARACTERIZATION OF LUBRICATION |
| 2.2.1. TRIBOLOGICAL FRICTION TEST |
| 2.2.2. SURFACE ANALYSIS |
| CHAPTER 3 PROPERTIES OF LITHIUM GREASE TO ANALYSIS EFFECTOF FEW LAYER GRAPHENE ADDITIVE ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL STUDY |
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION |
| 3.2 MATERIAL AND METHOD |
| 3.2.1 MATERIALS |
| 3.2.2 PREPARATION OF LUBRICATING GREASE |
| 3.2.3 FRICTION TEST AND CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF THEFRICTION SURFACE |
| 3.3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION |
| 3.3.1 CHARACTERIZATION OF FLG |
| 3.3.2 TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE GREASES |
| 3.3.2.1 INFLUENCE OF FLG CONTENT |
| 3.3.2.2 INFLUENCE OF LOAD |
| 3.3.2.3 INFLUENCE OF ROTARY SPEED |
| 3.3.3 ANALYSIS OF THE WORN SURFACE |
| 3.3.4 DISCUSSION |
| 3.4 CONCLUSION |
| CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS ON THERMAL FUNCTIONING OF BALL BEARINGIN THE TRACTION MOTOR OF A HIGH-SPEED ELECTRIC MULTI UNIT |
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION |
| 4.2 MODEL ESTABLISHMENT |
| 4.2.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF A FINITE ELEMENT TRANSIENT TEMPERATURESOLUTION MODE |
| 4.2.2 HEAT GENERATOR CALCULATION |
| 4.2.3 CONVECTIVE HEAR TRANSFER OF BEARINGS |
| 4.2.4 PROBLEM ANALYSIS |
| 4.3 CORRECTION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL |
| 4.3.1 CORRECTION METHOD OF EMPIRICAL FORMULA |
| 4.4 CORRECTION PROCESS |
| 4.4.1 SELECTION OF TRANSIENT EVALUATION INDEX |
| 4.4.2 EMPIRICAL FORMULA CORRECTION |
| 4.5 INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMAL PERFORMANCE AND TEMPERATUREFILED |
| 4.5.1 INVESTIGATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF THEROLLING BEARING |
| 4.5.2 INFLUENCE OF SPEED AND LOAD ON BEARING TEMPERATURE |
| 4.6 CONCLUSION |
| CHAPTER 5 STUDY FOR AUTO REPAIRING EFFECT OF IONIC LIQUIDSUSED AS ROLLING ELEMENT TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OFBEARING OPERATING UNDER CONTAMINATE LUBRICATIONCONDITION |
| 5.1 INTRODUCTION |
| 5.2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE |
| 5.2.1 MATERIAL DETAILS |
| 5.2.2 PROCEDURE FOR CREATING ARTIFICIAL PIT |
| 5.2.3 BEARING LIFE TEST |
| 5.2.4 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS |
| 5.3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION |
| 5.3.1 BEARING LIFE TEST RESULT |
| 5.3.2 USED OIL ANALYSIS |
| 5.3.3 FAILURE ANALYSIS OF SAMPLE 1 BEARING USING FEA |
| 5.3.4 REPAIRING MECHANISM OF SI_3N_4 BALLS |
| 5.4 CONCLUSION |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION AND PROSPECT |
| 6.1 Conclusion |
| 6.2 Prospect |
| References |
| Paper and other results published during the master's degree |
| Acknowledgements |
（7）摩洛哥货币政策实现通货膨胀应对的有效性研究（论文提纲范文）
| 中文摘要 |
| Abstract |
| List of abbreviations |
| General introduction |
| Research background |
| The choice and interest of the subject |
| The issue of the subject |
| The objectives of this work |
| The assumptions of the work |
| Structure of the study |
| FIRST PART THE FRAMEWORK CONCEPT AND PRACTICE OF THE POLICY OF INFLATION TARGETING |
| Introduction of the first part |
| Chapter Ⅰ Conceptual framework |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ- The monetary policy and inflation targeting nominal anchoring regimes |
| A-Anchoring by the exchange rate |
| B- Anchoring by the monetary aggregates |
| Ⅱ_The policy of inflation targeting |
| A- The motivation of the emergence of the policy of inflation targeting |
| B- Definition of inflation targeting in the literature |
| C- The advantages and the disadvantages of the strategy of inflation targeting |
| a-The advantages of inflation targeting |
| b-The disadvantages of inflation targeting |
| Ⅲ-The performance of the regime of inflation targeting in the emerging country |
| A- The achievement in terms of inflation |
| B- The achievement in terms of economic growth |
| Conclusion |
| Chapter Ⅱ The framework for the conduct of monetary policy |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ-The monetary policy between discretion and rules |
| A- The monetary policy discretionary |
| B- The reasons for the rebate in case of monetary policy discretionary |
| C- The development of the literature on the credibility of monetary policy |
| Ⅱ- The emergence of rule monetary policies |
| A- Presentation of the traditional Taylor rule |
| B- The critics of the Taylor rule |
| C- The development of monetary rules to the new rules of Type Taylor |
| D- The rule of McCallum An alternative rule of monetary policy |
| Ⅲ-The optimal rules for the regime of inflation targeting |
| A- The flexible rule to inflation targeting |
| B- The strictly rule to inflation targeting |
| C- The optimal inflation targeting rule |
| Conclusion |
| Chapter Ⅲ The prerequisites for adopting inflation targeting |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ-The literature on the condition prior to the adoption of inflation targeting |
| A- The issue of the prerequisites for the adoption of inflation targeting |
| B- The literature on the condition prior to the adoption of inflation targeting |
| Ⅱ-Institutional prerequisites for the conduct of inflation targeting monetary policy |
| A- The independence of the central bank |
| B- The transparency of the central bank |
| C- The responsibility of the central bank |
| Ⅲ- Economic and technical preconditions |
| A- The economic preconditions |
| a- Budget discipline |
| b- The depth and the development of financial system |
| c-The flexibility of the system of exchange |
| B- The preconditions operational and technical |
| a-The choice of a measure to target inflation |
| b-The determination of the inflation targeting |
| c-The choice of the horizon time adequate to the achievement of the target |
| d-The infrastructure technical progress |
| Conclusion |
| Conclusion of the first part |
| SECOND PART THE STRATEGY OF INFLATION TARGETING IN THE CONTEXT OF MOROCCO |
| Introduction of the second part |
| Chapter IV Evolution of the framework and practices of monetary policy in Morocco |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ The organization of bank al-maghrib from 1959 and the emergence of the central bank |
| A- Decolonization and nationalization of the Bank of Morocco |
| B- The national bank issue model |
| C- Bank Al-Maghrib and turning of Structural Adjustment |
| D- Determinants of the adaptation of monetary environment |
| a- The financial environment experiencing profound changes |
| b- Weaknesses in the monetary system before the reforms |
| c- Objectives related to the reform of the monetary system |
| E-Genesis of the monetary policy in Morocco |
| a- The share of control Direct credit to the economy |
| b- The share of control directly from the liquidity bank |
| c- The policy of the interest rate given |
| Ⅱ Transmission mechanism of monetary policy in Morocco |
| A- Monetary policy Bank Al-Maghrib |
| a- Abandoning Direct controls and the liberalization of rates interest |
| b- Modernizing of intervention Bank Al-Maghrib |
| B- Monetary policy in Morocco since the reforms of the 2000s |
| a- A strategic framework that makes price stability a priority |
| b- An operational framework marked |
| C- The transition to a monetary policy rule in Morocco |
| a- The redesign of the determination of the objectives of the monetary policy |
| b- The overhaul in the instruments of the monetary policy |
| Ⅲ-The monetary policy in Morocco toward a strategy of inflation targeting |
| A- The primacy of the price stability in terms of monetary policy in Morocco |
| B- The new framework analytical of the monetary policy in Morocco |
| C- Monetary policy instruments during the current phase |
| a-The instruments of the monetary policy used to the initiative of BANK AL-Maghrib |
| b-The operations at the initiative of the banks |
| c-The monetary reserve |
| D- effectiveness of the policy in bank al maghrib |
| a- The theoretical basis of a policy based on monetary aggregates |
| b- Money demand function in Morocco and study of its stability |
| c- Implication |
| instability the demand for money the effectiveness of Monetary policy in Morocco |
| d- Evaluation of the setting in implementing the decisions newest of the monetary policy |
| Conclusion |
| Chapter V Existing problems of the Moroccan monetary policy transmission mechanism |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ- Monetary policy transmission channels |
| A- The different channels of transmission of the monetary policy |
| a-channel traditional of the interest rate |
| b-The channel of credit |
| c-The channel of exchange rate |
| d-The channel of the prices assets |
| B- The transmission specifications of monetary policy in the countries in development |
| a-The impact of the underdevelopment of the financial system on the transmission of monetary policy |
| b-The impact of the fixed exchange rate regime |
| Ⅱ-Assessment of the monetary policy transmission environment in Morocco |
| A- The channel of interest rate in Morocco |
| B- The channel of credit in Morocco |
| C- The price channel of financial assets |
| D- The exchange rate channel in Morocco |
| a-Towards a new monetary policy |
| b-The co-integration tests |
| Ⅲ- Empirical evaluation of the transmission mechanisms of monetary policy in Morocco |
| A- Origin of the modeling Vector autoregressive VAR |
| B- Review of empirical literature relating to the use of the VAR model to study monetary transmission |
| C- Data and methodology |
| a-Specification of the model |
| b-The justification for the choice of variables |
| D- The order of variables Study of the stationary |
| a-The stationarity of the weighted average rate interbank TMP |
| b-The stationarity of the variable credit to the private sector |
| c-The stationarity of the variable GDP real |
| d-The stationarity of the variable CPI |
| e-The stationarity of the MASI variable t |
| E- Estimation and verification of the stability of the VAR model |
| a-Study of the stability of the VAR model |
| b-Determination of the number of delay optimal for the model VAR |
| c-The functions of response impulse |
| d-The decomposition of the variance |
| F- Reconciliation and comparison of the results obtained |
| Chapter VI Assessment of the preconditions for the implementation of inflation targeting in Morocco |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ-Assessment of institutional preconditions for inflation targeting in Morocco |
| A- Assessment of the degree of independence of the Moroccan central bank |
| a-Assessment of the legal independence of Bank Al-Maghrib by the Cukierman index |
| b-Evaluation of the index of independence actual Bank Al-Maghrib |
| B- Evaluation of the transparency and communication of BANK Al-Maghrib |
| a- The communication documented in Bank Al-Maghrib |
| b- Direct communication with the public |
| Ⅱ Assessment of economic preconditions for inflation targeting in Morocco |
| A- Evaluation of the discipline budget in Morocco |
| a-Analysis of the budget deficit in Morocco |
| b-Analysis of the evolution of the debt public |
| B- Assessment of the adequacy of the Moroccan exchange rate regime with the requirements of inflation targeting |
| a-Reading of the current exchange rate regime in Morocco |
| b-Evaluation of prerequisites to the flexibility of exchange in Morocco |
| C- Assessment of the depth of the Moroccan financial system |
| a-The depth of the Moroccan banking sector |
| b-The depth of financial markets in Morocco |
| Ⅲ-Assessment of technical preconditions in Morocco |
| A- The device informational of Bank Al-Maghrib |
| a-Expansion of monetary statistics of Bank Al-Maghrib |
| b-The eve informational by the investigations of Bank Al-Maghrib |
| B- The measurement of inflation in Morocco |
| a-The consumer price index An innovation in the measurement of inflation |
| b-The measure of inflation by the method of exclusion |
| C- The technical device of Bank Al-Maghrib in terms of the forecast inflation |
| Conclusion second part |
| Recommendation |
| General conclusion |
| English references |
| French References |
| Appendix |
| Papers |
| Acknowledgements |
| 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 |
（8）地方高校大学生二语动机自我系统的动态特征研究（论文提纲范文）
| Abstract |
| 摘要 |
| List of Abbreviations |
| Chapter One Introduction |
| 1.1 Research Background |
| 1.1.1 Motivation in Second Language Acquisition(SLA) |
| 1.1.2 The Weaknesses of Domyei's (2005,2009)L2MSS |
| 1.1.3 The Influence of Dynamic Systems Theory (DST) on L2 Motivation Research |
| 1.1.4 Local University EFL Students' L2 Motivation |
| 1.2 Objectives of the Study |
| 1.3 Significance of the Study |
| 1.4 Organization of the Dissertation |
| Chapter Two Literature Review |
| 2.1 L2 Motivation and L2MSS |
| 2.1.1 Theoretical Development of L2MSS |
| 2.1.1.1 The Social Psychological Period |
| 2.1.1.2 The Cognitive-situated Period |
| 2.1.1.3 The Socio-Dynamic Period |
| 2.1.2 A DST Approach to L2 Motivation |
| 2.1.2.1 Important Concepts of DST |
| 2.1.2.2 DMCs |
| 2.1.3 Empirical Studies on L2MSS |
| 2.1.3.1 Research on Validation of L2MSS |
| 2.1.3.2 Research on the Working Mechanisms of L2MSS |
| 2.1.3.3 Research on the Enhancement of Ideal L2 Self |
| 2.1.3.4 Research on the Complex Dynamics of L2MSS |
| 2.2 SRL and Self-regulatory Capacities |
| 2.2.1 Social Cognitive Theory of the Cyclic Self-regulatory Processes |
| 2.2.2 Self- regulatory Capacities in the Cyclic SRL Processes |
| 2.2.2.1 Scales to Measure Self-regulatory Capacities |
| 2.2.2.2 Self-regulatory Capacities in SRL |
| 2.2.3 SRL:A Construct Parallel to L2 Learning Experience in L2MSS |
| 2.3 Student Engagement |
| 2.3.1 The Concept of Student Engagement |
| 2.3.2 NSSE |
| 2.3.3 Different Perspectives on Behavioral Engagement |
| 2.3.3.1 The Intrapersonal Perspective on Behavioral Engagement |
| 2.3.3.2 The Interpersonal Perspective on Behavioral Engagement |
| 2.3.4 Behavioral Engagement as the Behavioral Manifestation of L2MSS |
| 2.4 Empirical Research on the Relations of Motivation, Self-regulatory Capacities andBehavioral Engagement |
| 2.4.1. Relations between L2 Self-Guides and Self-Regulatory Capacities |
| 2.4.2 Relations between Motivation and Behavioral Engagement |
| 2.4.3 Relations between Self-regulatory Capacities and Student Engagement |
| 2.5 Research Gaps and Questions |
| 2.5.1 Research Gaps |
| 2.5.2 Research Questions |
| 2.6 Summary |
| Chapter Three Methodology |
| 3.1 The Quantitative Study |
| 3.1.1 Participants |
| 3.1.2 Instruments |
| 3.1.2.1 Developing the Item Pools |
| 3.1.2.2 Piloting the Instruments |
| 3.1.3 Data Collection and Data Analysis |
| 3.2 The RQM Study |
| 3.2.1 Participants |
| 3.2.2 Instruments |
| 3.2.3 Data Collection |
| 3.2.4 Data Analysis |
| 3.3 Summary |
| Chapter Four Results |
| 4.1 Results of the Quantitative Study |
| 4.1.1 Results of the CFA |
| 4.1.2 Results of the Descriptive Analysis |
| 4.1.3 Results of the Correlation and Regression Analyses |
| 4.1.3.1 Relations between L2 Self-Guides and Self-Regulatory Capacities |
| 4.1.3.2 Relations between L2 Self-Guides and Behavioral Engagement |
| 4.1.3.3 Relations between Self-Regulatory Capacities and BehavioralEngagement |
| 4.1.4 Results of the Cluster Analysis |
| 4.2 Results of the RQM Study |
| 4.2.1 Cindy's L2MSS Trajectories |
| 4.2.2 Mary's L2MSS Trajectories |
| 4.2.3 Mike's L2MSS Trajectories |
| 4.2.4 Wendy's L2MSS Trajectories |
| 4.2.5 Henry's L2MSS Trajectories |
| 4.3 Summary |
| Chapter Five Discussion |
| 5.1 Discussion about the Results of the Quantitative Study |
| 5.1.1 General Patterns of L2MSS Variables |
| 5.1.1.1 General Patterns of L2 Self-Guides |
| 5.1.1.2 General Patterns of Self-Regulatory Capacities |
| 5.1.1.3 General Patterns of Behavioral Engagement |
| 5.1.2 Relations of L2MSS Variables |
| 5.1.2.1 Relations between L2 Self-Guides and Self-Regulatory Capacities |
| 5.1.2.2 Relations between L2 Self-Guides and Behavioral Engagement |
| 5.1.2.3 Relations between Self-Regulatory Capacities and BehavioralEngagement |
| 5.2 Discussion about the Results of the RQM Study |
| 5.2.1 System Components |
| 5.2.1.1 Initial Conditions |
| 5.2.1.2 Attractor States |
| 5.2.1.3 Perturbations Leading to Phase Shifts |
| 5.2.1.4 Perturbations not Leading to Phase Shifts |
| 5.2.2 Signature Dynamics |
| 5.2.2.1 A Dynamic Model of L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.2 Signature Dynamics of Cindy's L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.3 Signature Dynamics of Mary's L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.4 Signature Dynamics of Mike's L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.5 Signature Dynamics of Wendy's L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.6 Signature Dynamics of Henry's L2MSS |
| 5.2.2.7 Three Typical Dynamics |
| 5.3 Summary |
| Chapter Six Conclusion |
| 6.1 Major Findings |
| 6.2 Implications |
| 6.2.1 Theoretical Implications |
| 6.2.2 Methodological Implications |
| 6.2.3 Pedagogical Implications |
| 6.3 Limitations of the Study |
| 6.4 Suggestions for Future Research |
| References |
| Appendix Ⅰ |
| Appendix Ⅱ |
| Appendix Ⅲ |
| Appendix Ⅳ |
| Appendix Ⅴ |
| Acknowledgements |
| Publications |
| 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 |
（9）中国理工科博士生英语学习动机中的吸引子状态研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| Chapter One Introduction |
| 1.1 Research Background |
| 1.2 Research Purposes |
| 1.3 Research Significance |
| 1.3.1 Theoretical Significance |
| 1.3.2 Practical Significance |
| 1.4 Thesis Framework |
| Chapter Two Literature Review |
| 2.1 Second Language Learning Motivation |
| 2.1.1 Relevant Definitions of Motivation |
| 2.1.1.1 Definition of Motivation |
| 2.1.1.2 Definition of Learning Motivation |
| 2.1.1.3 Definition of Second Language Learning Motivation |
| 2.1.2 Classifications of Second Language Learning Motivation |
| 2.1.3 Review on Second Language Learning Motivation |
| 2.1.3.1 Review on Second Language Learning Motivation Abroad |
| 2.1.3.2 Review on Second Language Learning Motivation in China |
| 2.2 Attractor |
| 2.2.1 Relevant Definitions of Attractor |
| 2.2.1.1 Definition of Attractor |
| 2.2.1.2 Definition of Attractor State |
| 2.2.1.3 Definition of Attractor Basin |
| 2.2.2 Review on Attractor in China and Abroad |
| 2.3 Summary |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Basis |
| 3.1 Dynamic Systems Theory |
| 3.1.1 The Core Features of Dynamic Systems Theory |
| 3.2 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory |
| 3.3 Summary |
| Chapter Four Research Design and Process |
| 4.1 Research Questions |
| 4.2 Research Subjects |
| 4.3 Research Methods and Instruments |
| 4.3.1 Research Methods |
| 4.3.2 Research Instruments |
| 4.4 Research Process |
| 4.5 Summary |
| Chapter Five Data Analysis and Discussion |
| 5.1 Analysis of Experiment Results |
| 5.1.1 The Overall English Learning Motivation Development Trend |
| 5.1.2 Differences in Individual English Learning Motivation Development Trajectory |
| 5.2 Discussion of Experiment Results |
| 5.2.1 The Main Attractors in English Learning Motivation Development Process |
| 5.2.1.1 The Main Attractors in the Overall English Learning Motivation Development Process |
| 5.2.1.2 The Main Attractors in the Individual English Learning Motivation Development Process |
| 5.2.2 The Cause of the Attractor Basin and the Role of Environmental Factors |
| 5.2.2.1 The Cause of the Attractor Basin in the Overall Motivation Development Trajectory and the Role of Environmental Factors |
| 5.2.2.2 The Cause of the Attractor Basin in the Individual Motivation Development Trajectory and the Role of Environmental Factors |
| 5.2.3 The Development Dynamics of Attractor State Operation Trajectory |
| 5.3 Summary |
| Conclusions |
| 1.Research Findings |
| 2.Research Implications |
| 2.1 Implications for Learning |
| 2.2 Implications for Teaching |
| 3.Limitations and Prospects for the Research |
| 3.1 Limitations of the Research |
| 3.2 Prospects of the Research |
| References |
| Appendix |
| AppendixⅠSemi-structured Interview Outline |
| AppendixⅡ Research Subject Background Information Sheet |
| Appendix Ⅲ Interviews and Reflective Journals Schedule |
| Appendix Ⅳ English Learning Motivation Development Trajectory Chart(Motometor) |
| Appendix Ⅴ |
| Subject A's Node Code Detail(Part 1) |
| Subject A's Node Code Detail(Part2) |
| Subject B's Node Code Detail(Part 1) |
| Subject B's Node Code Detail(Part2) |
| Subject C's Node Code Detail(Part 1) |
| Subject C's Node Code Detail(Part2) |
| Subject D's Node Code Detail(Part 1) |
| Subject D's Node Code Detail(Part2) |
| Appendix Ⅵ Interviews(Selected) |
| Appendix Ⅶ Reflective Journals( Selected) |
| 攻读硕士学位期间所发表的论文 |
| Acknowledgements |
（10）水力发电系统多尺度快慢动力学与稳定性分析（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION |
| 1.1 Research background and significance |
| 1.2 Literature review |
| 1.2.1 General studies of hydroelectric governing system |
| 1.2.2 Multiple timescale dynamics |
| 1.2.3 Timescale dynamics of the hydroelectric governing system |
| 1.2.4 Power system stability studies |
| 1.2.5 Numerical methods |
| 1.3 Research objectives and contents |
| 1.3.1 Research objectives |
| 1.3.2 Research contents |
| 1.3.3 Research methodology |
| CHAPTER II HYDROELECTRIC GOVERNING SYSTEM WITH PERIODIC EXCITAIONS |
| 2.1 Nonlinear mathematical model of the HEGS |
| 2.1.1 Linear mathematical model of Francis hydro-turbine |
| 2.1.2 Third-order nonlinear generator model |
| 2.1.3 Nonlinear hydraulic servo model |
| 2.1.4 Nonlinear governor model |
| 2.1.5 Dynamic equations of the hydro-turbine mechanical torque |
| 2.1.6 Periodic excitations of the HEGS |
| 2.2 Results and discussions |
| 2.2.1 Numerical simulations |
| 2.2.2 System behaviors as derivative gain k_d changes |
| 2.2.3 System behaviors as excitation frequencyΩ changes |
| 2.2.4 System behaviors as excitation amplitude B changes |
| 2.3 Summary |
| CHAPTER III HYDROELECTRIC GOVERNING SYSTEM WITH TIMESCALE DYNAMICS |
| 3.1 Mathematical preliminaries |
| 3.2 Nonlinear mathematical model of the multi-timescale HEGS |
| 3.2.1 Dynamic equations of the hydro-turbine mechanical torque |
| 3.2.2 Mathematical model of multi-timescale HEGS with periodic excitation |
| 3.3 Results and discussions |
| 3.3.1 Numerical simulation |
| 3.3.2 Fast-slow bursting behaviors of the multi-timescale HEGS |
| 3.3.3 System behaviors as the derivative gain k_d changes |
| 3.3.4 System behaviors as the excitation amplitude B changes |
| 3.4 Summary |
| CHAPTER IV POWER SYSTEM STABILITY IMPROVEMENT AND CONTROL |
| 4.1 Mathematical model of the electrical power system |
| 4.1.1 Synchronous generator |
| 4.1.2 Power system stabilizer |
| 4.2 Results and discussions |
| 4.2.1 Numerical analysis |
| 4.2.2 Simulations and Discussions |
| 4.3 Summary |
| CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS |
| 5.1 Conclusions |
| 5.2 Recommendations |
| REFERENCES |
| ACKNOWLEGMENT |
| AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY |
四、Mechanism of scuffing——a dynamic system model（论文参考文献）
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